What
is a Power Battery Management System?
A battery management system or BMS refers to an electronic
system that helps manage a rechargeable battery, which can be either a cell or a
battery pack. It protects the battery from working outside the safe operating
area, administering its state, estimating the secondary data and then reporting
it, controlling as well as authenticating it. A battery pack that has been built
along with a battery management system, as well as an external communication
data bus, is what is known as a smart battery pack, which must be charged by a
smart battery charger. The
Battery
Power Management System Market is expected to grow at USD 10042.04
Million by 2025 with ~12.59% CAGR during the forecast period.
A battery management system usually consists of a
number of functional blocks such as fuel-gauge monitor, cut-off FETs, cell
voltage balance, cell voltage monitor, temperature monitors, state machine and
real-time clock (RTC). Numerous types of battery management ICs are available
in the market. Generally, the grouping of the functional blocks is entirely
dependent on a simple analog front end that facilitates balancing as well as
monitoring and needs a microcontroller (MCU), a highly integrated solution that
can run autonomously.
Applications
of a Power Battery Management System
Battery management systems find widespread use in
various battery applications like uninterruptible power supplies, material
handling, marine and battery banks for alternative energy sources and off-grid
power systems. The demand for BMS in these applications is quite similar to
those that are generated in the automotive market, which means that is
absolutely necessary to control cell as well as pack in a reliable and optimal
way.
Functions
of a Power Battery Management System
A highly important function of a battery management
system is cell protection. Lithium-ion battery cells come with two significant design
issues; if they are overcharged they can undergo damage, which leads to overheating
or even explosion. To manage this issue, a battery management system is
required, which offers overvoltage protection. Lithium-ion cells are also prone
to damage when they are discharged below a specific threshold, which is close
to 5 percent of total capacity. When the cells get discharged below the
specified threshold, it can bring down their capacity permanently. To ensure that
its charge doesn’t go below or above its limits, a battery management system comes
with a safeguard device known as a dedicated Lithium-ion protector
The second equally significant function conducted by a
battery management system includes energy management. The best example of
energy management can be a laptop battery's power meter. Many of the laptops in
today’s times tell the user how much charge is left within the battery, in
addition to offering an insight into the consumption rate as well as the total time
left to use the device until the battery needs to be recharged. Hence, practically
speaking, energy management is a crucial aspect of portable electronic devices.
Regional Aspect of Power Battery
Management Systems
North America is an important region in the battery
management system (BMS) ecosystem and is noted to be the highest demand-making
region across the globe. The strong demand emanating from the region is the
result of the massive demand for automated guided vehicles along with e-bikes
and battery-powered electric vehicles. The United States (U.S) in the region is
a prominent consumer of battery management systems and is on the way to achieve
better position in the coming years. Europe combined with Asia Pacific, are
other major regions that generate significant demand for battery management
systems.
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